2017年6月26日 星期一

依,判,判然,外判,斷然,依依,瞻依,依然,無所依, 頭白依然不識字.


 夏濟安先生"白話文與新詩" (此篇反硬譯又談學子受翻譯的影響*)中曾嘆此consent 有時的意思是"依"
可是學生都只記字典說的'同意"

《夏濟安選集白話文與新詩
(談林語堂氣《瞬息京華》的"亂譯者"沒說北京話:" 請你同意罷"應該是"你依我罷" --不過,  後人硬將"依"逐出我們的字彙。.)
2013年按: 依字很有歷史  譬如說:
元關漢卿《竇娥冤》第三折:“有一事肯依,竇娥便死而無怨。”

研究报告:保险制度不改 德将老无所依
一份最新研究报告显示,今后德国越来越多的退休老人面临陷入贫困的威胁。尤其是单亲妈妈将受到影响,而其他一些人群的风险也相当高。


Search for "依" [Condition = Ignore case, Substring]


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V.i. & t.(1)  To rely on: 倚靠,靠 to depend on (s.o.);
無靠 no one to support for living, quite alone;

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V.t.據 rely on;

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V.t.托,托賴 rely on;

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Words67. [xiang1yi1], v.i., depend on each other: 母子相為命 the mother and son share their life together.

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Words6. 輔車 [fu3jU1], n., (AC) as in 輔車相 rely on one another as wheel guard and cart or (in another explanation) as cheek and jowl.

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V.t.(1)  Rely or depend on, have (s.t.) as last resort: 倚賴,賴,仰賴,托賴 depend on (s.o., s.t.) for support;

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Words3. 故我 [gu4e3], (re. pr.) pron., my old self: 然故我 I am still my old self.

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Adj.舊 as of old;

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Adv.百順 obedient in all things;

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Words7. 飄零 [piao1ling2], adj., lonely and adrift (of person): 飄零無 friendless, also 飄落,飄蓬.

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V.i. & t.附勢,附權貴 rely on the rich and powerful;

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Words9. *[bi4yi3], adj., (AC) slanting, unbalanced.

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Adv.別有所本,據 is based on another source;
別無所有,靠 have no other possession, friends or relatives for help;

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Prep.按照,照 according to (regulations, agreement, etc.);

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N.準時,時 punctually;

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Words6. [zhan1yi1], V.i., to respect and depend upon one's parents, from allu. 靡瞻匪父,靡匪母(詩).

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V.i. & t.負嵎險 to fight from high position, back to cliffside.

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Words1. 脣齒 [chun2chi3], n., 脣齒相 close interdependence.

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Words11. [ping2yi1], n. & v.t., see [ping2jie4]↑.

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N.次 one by one in order;

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Words9. [zun1yi1], v.t., [zun1zhao4]↑.

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V.t.(2)  To see a point, realize, appreciate: 我看 as I see it;
Words6. 看法 [kan4fa3], n., way one looks at it: 我看法 as I see it; 看法不同 another way of looking at it.

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 1232C30 
 91A.00-1/9 
ㄧˇ [yi3]. [Closely related to and largely interch. 91A.02]
Words7. 倚仗 [yi3zhang4]2, v.t., to rely on powerful connections (also ).
9. 倚靠 [yi3kao4], v.t., ditto (also 靠).
10. 倚賴 [yi3lai4], v.t., to rely on (s.o.), not to stand on one's own feet (also ); 倚賴性 lack of self-reliance, inability to stand on one's own feet, habit to depend on others.
14. 倚恃 [yi3shi4]1, v.t., to depend on (also ).
16. 倚托 [yi3tuo1], v.t., to rely on s.o.’s support (also ).

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 1240C05 
 91A.02-6/9 
[yi1].
V.i. & t.(1)  To consent, to obey a wish: 著你 obey, accept your wish;
我要離婚,她不 I want a divorce, but she will not consent;
will you do what I say, or won't you? 著他的話罷 just do what he wants.
(2)  To rely on, to be based upon: 賴,靠 [yi1lai4], [yi1kao4]↓;
山靠水 (a city) based on the hill at the back and overlooking the river or sea;
人籬下 to be dependent on s.o. for a living;
草附木 orig. (of brigands) based on jungles and wild country, also (fig.) rely on powerful friends;
also as n., 無無靠 friendless and helpless;
s.o. or s.t. (friends, relatives) to rely on for help;
書直說 go by the book.
(3)  (Coll.) to pardon: 不不饒 will never pardon;
我必和你不 I'll not let you go with this, see 饒 81B.70.
Prep.According to: 我所見 according to my mind;
他(所)說 according to what he says;
律辦理 settle according to law;
實招供 confess the truth at court.
Words1. 傍 [yi1bang4], v.t., to rely on s.o. more powerful; to imitate slavishly anc. models in writing: 傍古人.
2. 前 [yi1qian2], adv., as it used to be, as formerly, see [yi1jiu4]↓.
3. 戴 [yi1dai4], v.t., (LL) to look up to (s.o.) with respect or gratitude.
4. 附 [yi1fu4], v.t., to act as satellite (to s.o.), to join s.o.’s camp; to go to (relative) for a living.
5. 歸 [yi1gui1], (1) v.t., to return to (place, person, faith); (2) n., an anchor, refuge: 無所歸 drifting, without anchor or shelter.
6. 仗 [yi1zhang4], v.t., to rely on (person, money, situation, personal connections).
7. 照 [yi1zhao4], (1) prep., according to (your opinion, terms of contract, etc.); (2) v.t., to obey, accept, follow (path, instructions, wish, etc.).
8. 舊 [yi4jiu4], adv., as it used to be, still…as usual: 舊不改 still unrepentent; 舊貧困 poor as usual.
9. 據 [yi1jU4], (1) n., basis (for statement, belief, reasoning): 沒有據 without basis; (2) v.t., to base oneself on: 據這學說 according to this theory.
10. 靠 [yi1kao4], v.t. & n., to depend on (s.o.); dependence, support.
11. 賴 [yi1lai4], v.t., ditto.
12. 戀 [yi1lian4], v.t., to continue to long for, to love.
13. 慕 [yi1mu4], v.t., to love, adore, long for (person).
14. 然 [yi1ran2], adv., still, as usual.
15. 稀 [yi1xi1], adj., indistinct (shadows, image).
16. 實 [yi1shi2], adv., (report, confess) truthfully, according to fact.
17. 隨 [yi1sui2], v.t., to follow (person, wish).
18. 從 [yi1cong2], v.i. & t., to accept, obey (opinion, command).
19. 次 [yi1ci4], adv., according to proper order.
20. 託 [yi1tuo1], v.t., (1) to live with s.o. when in need; (2) to take anecdote in history as basis; to write fiction based on fact.
21. 違 [yi1wei2], v.i., as in 違兩可 be undecided, have no definite conviction of one's own.
22. 樣 [yi1yang4], adv., according to model or pattern: 樣畫葫蘆 do the routine thing without thinking, slavishly copy or imitate.
23. [yi1yi1], adj., clinging, unable to part.
24. 倚 [yi1yi3], v.t., see [yi1kao4]↑.
25. 約 [yi1yUe1], (1) adj., see [yi1xi1]↑; (2) phr., in accordance with promise.

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Adj.門賣俏 (or 笑) to flirt near the door with passengers;

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V.t.esp. in 傍 to be dependent on (person), to copy or imitate (masters);

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V.t.(1)  To rely on: 仰仗,倚仗,仗,憑仗 to rely on s.o.’s power or help;

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V.t.從 to comply with (s.o.’s wish);

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Words28. [gui1yi1], v.i., become a Buddhist (also wr. 皈).

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V.i.Be converted to Buddhism, become a Buddhist: 皎(=歸).

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Vb.aux.能不 can I not help thinking of you? 不能不 cannot help;



領頭字
解形
《說文》:“依,倚也。从人,衣聲。”按:甲骨文“衣”像人在胞衣中形。胞衣為胎兒所依托,“倚也”為引申義。
注音
釋義
(一)yi1《廣韻》於希切,平微影。微部。 (1) 倚傍;靠著。《說文‧人部》:“依,倚也。”《孫子‧行軍》:“凡處軍相敵,絕山依谷。”賈林注:“依谷,傍谷也。”《三國演義》第六十七回:“可于 (陽平)關之左右,依山傍林,下十餘個寨柵,迎敵曹兵。”蕭紅《看風箏》:“老人依著街頭電線杆,他的黑色影子纏住電杆。” (2)依托;依靠。《廣雅‧釋詁三》:“依,恃也。”《書‧無逸》:“則知小人之依。”孔傳:“則知小人之所依怙。”《史記‧司馬相如列傳》:“長卿故倦游,雖貧,其人材足依也。”唐溫庭筠《江南曲》:“花開子留樹,草長根依土。”
(3)遵循;按照。《楚辭‧離騷》:“雖不周於今之人兮,願依彭咸之遺則。”元關漢卿《竇娥冤》第一折:“行醫有斟酌,下藥依《本草》。”沙汀《兇手》:“他卻鐵青了臉,顫抖著膝蓋,依輪次去履行他的入伍手續去了。”
(4)順從;同意。《詩‧小雅‧小旻》:“謀之其臧,則具是違;謀之不臧,則具是依。”鄭玄箋:“謀之善者俱背違之,其不善者依就之。”《莊子‧養生主》:“依乎天理。”元關漢卿《竇娥冤》第三折:“有一事肯依,竇娥便死而無怨。”
(5)仍舊。唐方干《獻王大夫》:“歷任聖朝清峻地,至今依是少年場。”宋王安石《蓬萊詩》:“極目江南千里恨,依前和淚看黃花。”《西遊記》第一回:“海風吹不斷,江月照還依。”
(6)助。《玉篇‧人部》:“依,助也。”《漢書‧禮樂志》:“聲依詠,律和聲。”顏師古注:“依,助也。五聲所以助歌也。”
(7)祿。《方言》卷十三:“依,祿也。”郭璞注:“祿位可依憑也。”
(8)保。《逸周書‧程典》:“習其武誡,依其山川;通其舟車,利其守務。”朱右曾校釋:“依,保也。”
(9)星名,即尾星。《大戴禮記‧夏小正》:“六月斗柄正在上。用此見斗柄之不正當心也,蓋當依。依,尾也。”王聘珍解詁:“心,謂大火,心,星也。尾,謂尾星。”
(11)通“哀(ai1)”。《馬王堆漢墓帛書‧老子甲本‧道經》:“殺人眾,以悲依立(谟鄄位)之。”又《老子乙本‧德經》:“故抗兵相若,而依者朕(勝)〔矣〕。”
(12)用同“衣”。《敦煌變文集‧佛說阿彌陀經講經文》:“行時不離三依眠。”周一良注:“當是三衣。指僧加梨、鬱多羅僧和安陀會三種衣。謂不脫衣而睡。”
(13)姓。《字彙‧人部》:“依,姓也。”《國語‧晉語四》:“其得姓者十四人,為十二姓:姬、酉、祁、己、滕、箴、任、荀、僖、姞、儇、依是也。”
(二)yi3《集韻》隱豈切,上尾影。微部。 (1)譬喻。《集韻‧尾韻》:“依,譬喻也。”《禮記‧學記》:“不學博依,不能安詩。”鄭玄注:“博依,廣譬喻也。” (2)安。《詩‧大雅‧公劉》:“篤公劉,于京斯依。”朱熹注:“依,安也。”
(3)纏弦。《拾雅》卷十七:“纏弦謂之依。”《儀禮‧既夕禮》:“設依撻焉。”鄭玄注:“依,纏弦也。撻,弣側矢道也。皆以韋為之。”賈公彥疏:“依者,謂以韋依纏其弦,即今時弓弓钫番是也。”
(4)通“扆”。戶牖之間的屏風。《儀禮‧士虞禮》:“佐食無事,則出戶負依南面。”鄭玄注:“戶牖之間謂之依。”《禮記‧曲禮下》:“天子當依而立。” 鄭玄注:“依,本又作扆,狀如屏風,畫為黼文,高八尺。”《漢書‧嚴助傳》:“負黼依,馮玉几。”顏師古注:“依讀曰扆。扆形如屏風而曲之,畫以黼文,張 於戶牖之間。”



依然【季報】美國谷歌08年Q1繼續保持良好勢頭 銷售額比上年同期增長42% ■日文原文 【決算】米Google社は依然好調,売上高が前年同期比42%増



 頭白依然不識字

石濤印章/印鑒_藝術家_中華搜藏

石濤》之一, 《石濤濟》之二, 《石濤濟》之一, 《釋元濟印》. 《四百峰中箬笠翁圖書》之二, 《四百峰中箬笠翁圖書》之一, 《搜盡奇峰打草稿》, 《頭白依然不識字...


 斷然

だんぜん 断然
(副)(1)態度をきっぱりとするさま。「私は―あの人に投票す るわ」「何といわれようと―断る」(2)程度の差が明らかであるさま。なみはずれて。「こっちの方が―得だ」(ト/タル)[文]形動タリきっぱりとした態 度をとるさま。「―たる処置をとる」「―たる決心/家(藤村)」

《きっぱり》firmly; resolutely; positively; 《はっきり》decidedly; absolutely; altogether; by far.・~拒否する refuse flatly.・~良い by far the better [best].

判然

はん‐ぜん【判然】

    [名](スル)はっきりとわかること。「遠目には男だか女だか―しない」
    [ト・タル][文][形動タリ]はっきりとわかるさま。「―たる証拠」「事件の概容が―としない」

はんぜん【判然】

【例文】
彼の忠告の意味が判然としてきた
The meaning of his advice is clear now.
二つの間には判然とした相違が見られる
There are distinct differences between the two.
どちらをとるか判然と決め兼ねている
I cannot make a definite choice between the two.
事情がまだ判然としない
I don't understand the situation fully yet.




NEC will likely outsource more production of chips as a way to ensure against a sudden drop in demand.


outsource 1979
verb [I or T] 委外 外包
If a company outsources, it pays to have part of its work done by another company:
Unions are fighting a plan by universities to outsource all non-academic services.
Some companies outsource to cheaper locations to cut costs.
outsourcing Show phonetics
noun [U]
The management guaranteed that outsourcing wouldn't mean job losses.
委外或稱外包英語:outsourcing,香港 外判)為於1980年代流行起來的商業用語,是商業活動決策之一,指將承包合約之一部或甚至全部,委託或發交給承包合約當事人以外的第三人,以節省成本、或集中精力於核心業務、或善用資源、或為獲得獨立及專業人士的專業服務等。外包和離岸委外經常被混用,委外的承包合約當事人主要是借用第三方的時間、人力資源、及核心業務能力或資源,以完成特定的製程、或商業流程;選用的第三方以國境內,易於掌握及監督其工作方式及工作進度為主。而離岸外包是指國土以外,能自行治理,完成特定的企業主要活動;換言之,其承包之第三方為國外公司,能獨力完成製造加工、行銷、銷售、客戶服務,或主要之支援服務例如產品開發為主。



領頭字
解形
《說文》:“判,分也。人岙人刀,半聲。”
注音
釋義
(一)pan4《廣韻》普半切,去換滂。元部。(1)分開;分離。《廣雅‧釋詁一》:“判,分也。”《左傳‧莊公三年》:“紀季以酅入于齊,紀於是乎始判。”杜預注:“判,分也。”《國語‧晉語一》:“今君起百姓,以自封也。民外不得利,而內惡其食,則上下既有判矣。”韋昭注:“判,離也。”唐柳宗元《封建論》:“陵夷迄於幽、厲,王室東徙而列為諸侯……遂判為十二,合為七國。”《古今小說‧滕大尹鬼斷家私》:“只為家庭缺孝友,同枝一樹判榮枯。”(2)區分;分辨。《後漢書‧陳寔傳》:“寔在鄉閭,平心率物。其有爭訟,輒求判正,曉譬曲直,退無怨者。”《資治通鑑‧漢靈帝中平四年》引此文,胡三省注:“判,分也;剖也,剖析而見正理也。”《元史‧崔斌傳》:“直指面斥,是非立判。”清魏源《默觚下‧治篇十》:“是非、利害、進退、出處之間,金錫王岙民瑜立判焉。”
(3)定,評斷。《宋書‧謝晦傳》:“其事已判,豈容復疑。”宋陳亮《酌古論二‧諸葛孔明上》:“以勇擊勇,而勝負之數未可判。”清林則徐《請定鄉試同考官章程並預防士子勦襲諸弊摺》:“定棄取於俄頃之間,判升沈於恍惚之際。”魯迅《書信‧致蕭軍
(4)政府及執法機關對案件的裁決。如:審判;判處徒刑。《舊唐書‧李元紘傳》:“元紘大署判後曰:‘南山或可改移,此判終無搖動。’”亦作公文體名。明徐師曾《文體明辨‧判》:“古者折獄,以五聲聽訟,致之於刑而已……其後乃有判詞。唐制選士,判居其一,則其用彌重矣。”
(5)唐宋官制。以大兼小,即以高官兼較低職位的官稱判。《古今韻會舉要‧翰韻》:“宰相出典州曰判。”《資治通鑑‧唐代宗大曆十四年》:“以吏部尚書劉晏判度支。”《宋史‧職官志一》:“唐承隋制,至天授中始有試官之格,又有員外之置,尋為檢校、試、攝、判、知之名。”
(6)古官名。如:州判;通判。
(7)半,一個整體的二分之一。也作“牉”。唐玄應《一切經音義》卷二:“判,古文胖,又作牉。”《周禮‧秋官‧朝士》:“凡有責者,有判書以治則聽。”鄭玄注:“判,半,分而合者。”《公羊傳‧定公八年》:“璋判白。”何休注:“判,半也。”也指夫婦配偶。《周禮‧地官‧媒氏》:“掌萬民之判。”鄭玄注:“判,半也,得偶而合。主合其半成夫婦也。”
(8)同“拌(拚)”(舊讀<現代音>pan1<\/現代音>)。張相《詩詞曲語辭匯釋》卷五:“判,割捨之辭;亦甘願之辭。自宋以後多用𡄽岙棄字或拚字,而唐人則多用判字……然其本字實本作拌。”《口熷天越春秋‧勾踐伐口熷天外傳》:“一夫判死兮而當百夫。”唐杜甫《曲江對酒》:“縱飲久判人共棄,懶朝真與世相違。”仇兆鰲注:“判,正作𡄽岙棄。”五代韋莊《離筵訴酒》:“不是不能判酩酊,卻憂前路酒醒時。”清全祖望《司馬孚王導論》:“古來篡弒之禍,必有判身家為之羽翼者。”



1. 判然不合
注音一式 ㄆㄢˋ ㄖㄢˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄏㄜˊ
漢語拼音 p n r n b  h 注音二式 p n r n b  h
截然不同。儒林外史˙第十七回:「同一個年﹑月﹑日﹑時,一個是這般境界,一個是那般境界,判然不合。」

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