紀念林文月老師 (1933~2023)，師友網絡下 簡談她1976年的《陶謝詩中孤獨感的探析》《中外文學》林文月. ； 4卷11期(1976 / 03 / 01) ， pp. 4 - 23 收入《山水與古典》台北：純文學，1976 pp. 63~123
光。寂，孤獨(楊牧等)。幽居Solitude；
斯波六郎（1894—1959）中国文学における孤独感。Loneliness minister: "It's more important than ever to take action" 1958/1990《中國文學中的孤獨感》，此書未收入謝靈運
中国文学における孤独感
中国文学における孤独感
孤独感の文学的表現が中国でいかなる展開と深化をとげたかを『詩経』はじめ屈原・阮籍・陶淵明・杜甫・李白などの作品の解読を通じて明らかにする．と共にこれは鮮明な切り口をもつ中国詩への誘いの書でもあって，文学とは人生をしみじみと味うためのものだという著者（一八九四―一九五九）の想いが全篇にみなぎっている． （解説 茂木信之）
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領頭字
光
解形
《說文》：“光，明也。從火在人上，光明意也。䏁炎𠾭𣏴火㗱，古文。廿熷火，古文。”
注音
釋義
（一）ｇｕａｎｇ１《廣韻》古黃切，平唐見。陽部。（１）通常指照在物體上，使人能看見物體的那種東西。如：太陽光、燈光、激光等。即人的視覺能感知的電磁波。也包括看不見的紅外㿹岙戔和紫外㿹岙戔。《釋名‧釋天》：“光，晃也，晃晃然也。”《左傳‧莊公二十二年》：“光，遠而自他有耀者也。”《淮南子‧本經》：“日月淑清而揚光。”唐李白《靜夜思》：“床前明月光，疑是地上霜。”清鄒祗謨《中秋京邸》：“此夜中秋月，清光十萬家。”古人借以稱氣。《禮記‧祭義》：“見（間岙見）以蕭光，以報氣也。”鄭玄注：“光，猶氣也。”
（２）特指日、月、星辰等天體。《書‧顧命》：“昔君文王武王，宣重光。”陸德明釋文引馬融注：“重光，日、月、星也。”《禮記‧鄉飲酒義》：“古之制禮也，經之以天地，紀之以日月，參之以三光。”鄭玄注：“三光，三大辰也。”《淮南子‧氾論》：“上亂三光之明。”高誘注：“三光，日、月、星辰也。”
（３）明亮；發光。《廣雅‧釋詁四》：“光，明也。”《楚辭‧九歌‧雲中君》：“蹇將憺兮壽宮，與日月兮齊光。”王逸注：“光，明也。”《漢書‧旦熷黽錯傳》：“日月光，風雨時，膏露降，五穀孰。”《西遊記》第六十一回：“只殺得星不光兮月不皎，一天寒霧黑悠悠！”
（４）光采；風采。如：容光煥發。《易‧觀》：“觀國之光。”王弼注：“居觀之時，最近至尊，觀國之光者也。”《古詩為焦仲卿妻作》：“妾有繡腰襦，葳蕤自生光。”朱德《和郭沫若同志春節游廣州花市》：“百花齊放遍城鄉，燦爛花光紅滿堂。”引申以形容華美。《後漢書‧劉般傳》：“府寺寬敞，輿服光麗。”《文選‧潘岳〈笙賦〉》：“光歧儼其偕列，雙鳳嘈以和鳴。”李善注：“光，華飾也。”
（５）光榮；榮耀。如：為國爭光。《廣雅‧釋言》：“光，寵也。”《詩‧大雅‧韓奕》：“不顯其光。”鄭玄箋：“光，猶榮也。”《淮南子‧俶真》：“（許由方回善卷披衣）四子之才，非能盡善蓋今之世也，然莫能與之同光者，遇唐虞之時。”高誘注：“光，譽。”南朝梁江淹《知己賦》：“有體有艷，光國光家。”
（６）恩惠；好處。如：明光；沾光。《漢書‧禮樂志》載《安世房中歌》：“孔容之常，承帝之明。下民之樂，子孫保光。”顏師古注：“言永保其光寵也。”唐白居易《請揀放後宮內人》：“光垂史冊，美繼祖宗。”《紅樓夢》第二十二回：“明兒就叫一班子，也叫他們借圽㶊目咱們的光兒。”
（７）照耀；顯耀。《廣雅‧釋詁三》：“光，照也。”《書‧洛誥》：“唯公德明，光于上下，勤施于四方。”《後漢書‧梁統傳附梁竦》：“寵遇光於當世。”明張宣《感鄰婦》：“日月光八表，焉能照覆盆。”
（８）時光。如：光陰似箭。南朝宋鮑照《觀漏賦》：“樂茲情於寸光。”唐李白《前有樽酒行二首》之一：“青軒桃李能幾何﹖流光欺人忽蹉跎。”明張昱《白翎雀歌》：“變化春光指顧間，萬蕊千花動弦索。”
（９）景色。如：風光。宋王禹偁《黃州新建小竹樓記》：“遠吞山光，平挹江瀨。”明邵寶《乞終養未許》：“乞歸未許奈親何﹖帝里風光夢裏過。”
（１０）光滑。如：這種紙很光。晉王嘉《拾遺記‧秦始皇》：“其土石皆自光澈，扣之則碎。”唐韓愈《進學解》：“刮垢磨光。”
（１１）裸露。宋鄭清之《口岙永茄詩》：“光頭圓腦作僧看。”巴金《第二的母親》：“臺上正演圽㶊目武戲，許多人光圽㶊目身子在翻筋斗。”
（１２）空；凈盡。宋樓鑰《跋劉杼山帖》：“先子嗜書如嗜芰，平生富藏名流翰墨，而獨謂杼山先生之書光前絕後，尤秘寶之。”元佚名《桃花女》第一折：“實見他的卦無有不靈，無有不馬岙念，真個是光前絕後，古今無比。”巴金《短刀》：“七年前洪水和兵禍把他們的全部財產弄光了。”
（１３）敬辭。如：光臨；光顧。三國魏曹植《七啟》：“不遠遐路，幸見光臨。”宋蘇軾《謝呂龍圖啟》：“光降書辭，曲加勞問。”
（１４）混嘴白吃。明湯顯祖《紫釵記‧凍賣珠釵》：“聞得鄭小玉姐尋夫施捨，要去光他一光。”又：“這龜兒俊哉，前去打光來。”
（１５）副詞。表示範圍，相當於“單”、“僅僅”。《紅樓夢》第一百零一回：“再者，也不光為我，就是太太聽見也歡喜。”
（１６）通“廣（<現代音>ｇｕａｎｇ３<\/現代音>）”。清王引之《經義述聞‧周易上》：“光之為言，猶廣也。《周頌‧敬之》傳及《周語》注並曰：‘光，廣也。’《堯典》‘光被四表’漢《成陽靈臺碑》：‘光’作‘廣’。《荀子‧禮論》‘積厚者流澤廣’，《大戴禮‧禮三本篇》‘廣’作‘光’。”《馬王堆漢墓帛書‧稱》：“自光（廣）者人絕之。”三國蜀諸葛亮《出師表》：“誠宜開張聖聽，以光先帝遺德，恢弘志士之氣。”
（１７）通“�岙黃”。武勇貌。《集韻‧唐韻》：“�岙黃，通作光。”《古文苑‧班固〈車騎將軍竇北征頌〉》：“光光神武，弘昭德音。”章樵注：“《詩》：‘武夫�岙黃�岙黃。’武勇貌。”
（１８）姓。《廣韻‧唐韻》：“光，姓。田光之後，秦末，子孫避地，以光為氏。晉有樂安光逸。”
（二）ｇｕａｎｇ４《廣韻》古曠切，去宕見。飾色。《廣韻‧宕韻》：“光，上色。”《集韻‧宕韻》：“光，飾色也。或作采岙廣。”
Loneliness minister: "It's more important than ever to take action"
This Loneliness Awareness Week, the Loneliness Minister Baroness Barran has warned we are still in a ‘critical stage’ of tackling loneliness.
Charities across the country to get £2 million boost to tackle loneliness in communities
Connection Coalition and Jo Cox Foundation partner with WhatsApp to launch chatbot
This Loneliness Awareness Week, the Loneliness Minister Baroness Barran has warned we are still in a ‘critical stage’ of tackling loneliness.
Baroness Barran has said that many of those who felt lonely before the pandemic will continue to do so as lockdown restrictions are eased and recognises that some people will have lost their confidence. The Loneliness Minister is urging everyone who may be feeling lonely, or isolated to reach out to someone, and if they know someone who they feel might be lonely, or isolated, to get in touch.
Small charities and organisations tackling loneliness in their communities can apply to the second round of the £4 million Local Connections Fund from 28 June 2021. The first round of funding helped more than 840 organisations across England to connect small groups of people through projects and activities they enjoy.
To mark the week, members of the Government’s Tackling Loneliness Network are launching multiple projects to help the country tackle loneliness; including the Connection Coalition’s Loneliness Advice chatbot service on WhatsApp.
This groundbreaking new service will enable people feeling lonely to simply message 07902 922 908 on the app to access information and resources from organisations including the Marmalade Trust, Jo Cox Foundation, Age UK, The Mix, The British Red Cross and the #LetsTalkLoneliness campaign.
TikTok is launching a brand new challenge this week, encouraging creators and users to talk openly about their experiences with loneliness, and their favourite ways to help others using the hashtag #LetsTalkLoneliness. The challenge will run until Friday 18th June.
As part of the government’s ongoing #LetsTalkLoneliness campaign, the government is urging everyone to:
Check in with a neighbour, recognising that some people will be keen to get together in person once possible, while others might be more cautious.
Keep in touch with friends, family and neighbours - for example calling someone or writing a letter, asking how they feel about getting out and about again, and considering whether going together would help both of you feel more confident.
Contact organisations - there’s a list of organisations on the Let’s Talk Loneliness website which can offer support.
Set a routine with online activities, regular tasks or by volunteering. Rejoin groups that might not have met for some time, and think about how you can welcome others back, especially people not feeling very confident.
Help out through volunteering with local groups or by offering a regular conversation to someone feeling isolated. In many cases you will still be able to do this over the phone or online, if you prefer.
UK Government Minister for Loneliness, Baroness Barran, said:
Although life is beginning to feel closer to normal for many people, we are still in a critical stage when it comes to tackling loneliness. There is a large number of people who felt lonely before the pandemic and will continue to do so as lockdown restrictions ease
This Loneliness Awareness Week, I’m urging everyone to take note of our tips to help reduce loneliness. Checking in with someone, making sure you keep in touch with family, finding organisations who can offer support via www.letstalkloneliness.co.uk, or helping out in your local community.
I’m really excited to see some of the projects launched by the Tackling Loneliness Network come to fruition. The new chatbot service on WhatsApp will make help and advice easily accessible to people across the country, and many more partners are carrying out work to contribute towards ending loneliness.
Niamh Sweeney, director of EMEA public policy, WhatsApp, said:
We know that in challenging times WhatsApp is uniquely placed to help provide support for those who need it most. We wanted to partner with the Connection Coalition to help connect anyone experiencing loneliness with organisations that can provide them with easy and secure access to vital information and advice.
Blondel Cluff CBE, Chair of The National Lottery Community Fund, said:
Loneliness affects people of all ages and from all walks of life and we know that, because of the pandemic, many people are experiencing isolation for the very first time. The first round of Local Connections funding demonstrated the huge impact that small grants can have when tackling loneliness at a local level, empowering organisations to make a change in their communities.
Thanks to National Lottery players we are now able to award £2 million to support hundreds of other organisations and communities across the country, and we are proud to be working alongside Government to encourage people to tackle loneliness and build social connections.
Rich Waterworth, the General Manager of TikTok EU & UK, TikTok, said:
TikTok is built on the idea of community, and that whatever passion you have, whether it’s reading or cooking, DIY or skydiving, you will find a community on TikTok. That shared enjoyment and feeling of connection is one of the most powerful tools in the fight against loneliness.
I am incredibly proud that TikTok has been able to support #LetsTalkLoneliness and that our community has come together to share their own stories, provide advice and offer connection. I hope that will inspire others to take action to help someone they know feel a little less lonely at what we know continues to be a difficult time for everyone.
The Tackling Loneliness Network, which is formed of over 70 organisations, includes Royal Mail, which has launched its postmark, so every single letter posted across the country this week will feature the #LetsTalkLoneliness stamp. For those in London, the BT Tower will be displaying tips for alleviating loneliness in yourself and others.
The Local Connections Fund is made up of £2 million from the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport and £2 million from The National Lottery Community Fund.
Loneliness Minister Baroness Barran today held the first ever meeting with with her Japanese counterpart Minister for Loneliness, Tetsushi Sakamoto, to discuss how both countries are continuing to tackle the global issue of loneliness.
NOTES TO EDITORS
Connection Coalition loneliness advice chatbot on WhatsApp - simply add 07902 922 908 to your WhatsApp contacts, and then send a message saying ‘hi’ to bring up a menu featuring information and resources from organisations including Marmalade Trust, Jo Cox Foundation, Age UK, The Mix, The British Red Cross and the #LetsTalkLoneliness campaign. From here, people can choose the support or advice they may need for themselves or to support others.
Read the National Lottery Community Fund’s announcement on the Local Connections Fund.
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解形 | |
注音 | 釋義 |
| （一）ｊｉ４《廣韻》前歷切，入錫從。沃部。 | （１）靜；沒有聲音。《玉篇‧𠵈部》：“寂，無聲也。”《老子》第二十五章：“寂兮寥兮，獨立而不改。”河上公注：“寂者，無音聲。”唐常建《題破山寺後禪院》：“萬籟此俱寂，但餘鐘磬音。”《紅樓夢》第七十六回：“更殘樂已諼，漸聞語笑寂。” （２）安靜。《廣韻‧錫韻》：“寂，安也。”《易‧繫辭上》：“寂然不動，感而遂通天下之故。” （３）冷落；冷清。晉左思《詠史》：“寂寂楊子宅，門無卿相輿。”《世說新語‧品藻》：“門庭蕭寂。”唐韋應物《過昭國里故第》：“物變知景暄，心傷覺時寂。” （４）恬靜；恬淡。《淮南子‧俶真》：“神無所掩，心無所載，通洞條達，恬漠無事，無所凝滯，虛寂以待，勢利不能誘也。”三國魏嵇康《養生論》：“曠然無憂患，寂然無思慮。”唐韓愈《送廖道士序》：“氣專而容寂，多藝而善遊。” （５）佛教稱僧尼死為“涅槃”，或叫“寂”、“宴寂”、“圓寂”、“寂滅”。唐李郢《傷賈島無可》：“卻到京師事事傷，惠休歸寂賈生亡。”《清朝野史大觀‧清代述異‧轉菴和尚之異聞》：“石揆死，復為靈隱長老，壽至百餘始寂。” |
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