Experience Curve, Learning Curve
太陽能電池的傳統課題——成本問題也可能在不久的將來得到解決。太陽能電池近30年來有條經驗法則，就是“累積產量翻番，則發電成本降低2成”。2006年太陽能電池的全球累計產量約為5.7GW，發電成本約為46日元/kWh（太陽光發電協會調查結果），考慮到目前太陽能電池的增產趨勢，如果這條經驗正确，那么到2011年，發電成本將与現在家庭電費的水平相當……
"經驗"為特定意義 即
整個產業累積的產量
Experience Curve
Production phenomenon where unit costs decline as volume increases. This results from a wide variety of factors including lower fixed costs per unit, an increase in skills associated with quantity production, and generally lower material costs.
learning curve noun [C]the rate of someone's progress in learning a new skill:It's a pretty steep learning curve when you're thrown into a job with no prior experience.
| Learning Curve
Chart line representing the efficiencies gained from experience. Basically, it is a curve describing the relationship between the consecutive number of units produced (x-axis) and the time per unit produced (y-axis). More specifically, it is based on the statistical findings that as the cumulative output doubles, the cumulative average labor input time required per unit will be reduced by some constant percentage, ranging between 10% and 40%. The curve is usually designated by its complement. For example, if the rate of reduction is 20%, the curve is referred to as an 80% learning curve.
Applications of the learning curve theory include (1) pricing decisions, based on the estimates of expected costs; (2) requirements for scheduling labor; (3) capital budgeting decisions; and (4) setting incentive wage rates.
The following data illustrate the 80% learning curve relationship:
As can be seen, as production quantities double, the average time per unit decreases by 20% of its immediate previous time. It can be graphed as follows:
沒有留言:
張貼留言