2025 台積講堂特邀俄羅斯文學研究學者鄢定嘉教授,將於 12 月 5 日起,連續三個星期五的夜晚開設三場講座,帶大家循著俄國文學的足跡,一起走過從寫實到前衛的轉變,感受文學如何在動盪中替靈魂保留一塊位置。
| 蠲 [虫部-17畫-共23畫] | |
| 注 音 | ㄐㄩㄢ |
|---|---|
| 漢語拼音 | |
| 釋 義 |
2025 台積講堂特邀俄羅斯文學研究學者鄢定嘉教授,將於 12 月 5 日起,連續三個星期五的夜晚開設三場講座,帶大家循著俄國文學的足跡,一起走過從寫實到前衛的轉變,感受文學如何在動盪中替靈魂保留一塊位置。
| 蠲 [虫部-17畫-共23畫] | |
| 注 音 | ㄐㄩㄢ |
|---|---|
| 漢語拼音 | |
| 釋 義 |
桂花 ,木樨花,郁達夫《遲桂花》但願得我們都是遲桂花!
木樨花花语是谦虚、真实、美好、沉醉和谦逊等。它是桂花的一个别名,其花开的香味十分迷人,所以它的花语又有着永伴美人的意思,但是也有崇高和吉祥的象征。另外,由于它的叶片一年四季都保持着鲜艳的绿色,所以它的花语和友谊也有关系,象征着友谊地久天长之意
郁达夫小说的人,大概一眼就能看出这句话的出处—在这部写于1932年10月份的小说《迟桂花》里,作者借“郁先生”的眼睛和嘴巴,详尽描述了翁家山中的迟桂花。
现在,就让我们循着作者的文字,一起欣赏翁家山上的迟桂花吧。
郁達夫(1896—1945),原名郁文,字達夫,浙江富陽人。中國現代著名小說家、散文家、詩人。1921年與郭沫若、成仿吾等人組織成立創造社,先後擔任《創造季刊》《創造周報》《創造日》等刊物主編,曾與魯迅合編《奔流》。同年6月出版我國現代文學史上第一部白話短篇小說集《沉淪》,在文壇引起轟動,由此奠定了其在新文學史上的重要地位。代表作有《沉淪》《春風沉醉的晚上》《過去》《遲桂花》《故都的秋》等。
香港討論郁達夫《遲桂花》專書 1987
郁達夫 博學
德國一位名延生JENSON的小說 野紫薇愛立喀 DIE BRAUNE ERIKA
英國哈特生 HODSON 綠蔭 GREEN MANSIONS
Green Mansions: A Romance of the Tropical Forest is a 1904 exotic romance by William Henry Hudson about a traveller to the Guyana jungle of southeastern Venezuela and his encounter with a forest-dwelling girl named Rima.[1]
The principal characters are Abel, Rima, Nuflo, Cla-Cla and Kua-kó.
Prologue: An unnamed narrator tells how he befriended an old "Hispano-American" gentleman who never spoke of his past. His interest piqued, the narrator finally elicits the story.
Venezuela, c. 1875. Abel, a young man of wealth, fails at a revolution and flees Caracas into the uncharted forests of Guayana. Surviving fever, failing at journal-keeping and gold hunting, he settles in an Indian village to waste away his life: playing guitar for old Cla-Cla, hunting badly with Kua-kó, telling stories to the children. After some exploring, Abel discovers an enchanting forest where he hears a strange bird-like singing. His Indian friends avoid the forest because of its evil spirit-protector, "the Daughter of the Didi." Persisting in the search, Abel finally finds Rima the Bird Girl. She has dark hair, a smock of spider webs, and can communicate with birds in an unknown tongue. When she shields a coral snake, Abel is bitten and falls unconscious.
Abel awakens in the hut of Nuflo, an old man who protects his "granddaughter" Rima, and won't reveal her origin. As Abel recovers, Rima leads him through the forest, and Abel wonders about her identity and place of origin. Abel returns to the Indians, but relations become icy, because they would kill Rima, if they could. Rima often speaks of her dead mother, who was always depressed. Abel falls in love with Rima, but she (17 and a stranger to white men) is confused by "odd feelings". This relationship is further strained because Abel cannot speak her unknown language.
Atop Ytaiao Mountain, Rima questions Abel about "the world" known and unknown, asking him if she was unique and alone. Abel sadly reveals that it is true. However, when he mentions the storied mountains of Riolama, Rima perks up. It turns out that "Riolama" is her real name. Nuflo must know where Riolama is, so a wrathful Rima demands that Nuflo guide her to Riolama under threats of eternal damnation from her sainted mother. Old, guilty and religious, Nuflo caves in to the pressure. Abel pays a last visit to the Indians, but they capture him as a prisoner, suspecting that he is a spy for an enemy tribe or consorts with demons. Abel manages to escape and return to Rima and Nuflo. The three then trek to distant Riolama. Along the way, Nuflo reveals his past, and Rima's origin.
Seventeen years ago, Nuflo led bandits who preyed on Christians and Indians. Eventually, forced to flee to the mountains, they found a cave to live in. Hiding in the cave was a strange woman speaking a bird-like language. She was to be Rima's mother (never named). Nuflo assumed the woman was a saint sent to save his soul. Nuflo left the bandits and carried Rima's mother, now crippled for life, to Voa, a Christian community, to deliver Rima. Rima and her mother talked in their magical language for seven years, until Mother wasted away in the dampness and died. As contrition, Nuflo brought Rima to the drier mountains. The local Indians found her queer, and resented how she chased off game animals, and therefore tried to kill her. A mis-shot dart killed an Indian, and they fled Rima's "magic".
In the cave, Rima is eager to enter Riolama valley. Abel reveals sad news: her mother left because nothing remained. She belonged to a gentle, vegetarian people without weapons, who were wiped out by Indians, plague and other causes. Rima is indeed unique and alone. Rima is saddened but suspected it: her mother was always depressed. Now she decides to return to the forest and prepare a life for herself and Abel. She flits away, leaving Abel to fret as he and Nuflo walk home, delayed by rain and hunger. They return to find the forest silent, Nuflo's hut burned down, and Indians hunting game. Abel, exhausted, is again taken prisoner, but isn't killed, as he quickly makes a vow to go to war against the enemy tribe. On the war trail, he drops hints about Rima and her whereabouts. Kua-Ko explains how, thanks to Abel's "bravery", the Indians dared enter the forbidden forest. They caught Rima in the open, chased her up the giant tree. They heaped brush underneath it and burned Rima.
Abel kills Kua-kó and runs to the enemy tribe, sounding the alarm. Days later he returns. All his Indian friends are dead. He finds the giant tree burned, and collects Rima's ashes in a pot. Trekking homeward, despondent and hallucinating, Abel is helped by Indians and Christians until he reaches the sea, sane and healthy again. Now an old man, his only ambition is to be buried with Rima's ashes. Reflecting back, he believes neither God nor man can forgive his sins, but that gentle Rima would, provided he has forgiven himself.
《綠林豪宅:熱帶森林的浪漫故事》是威廉·亨利·哈德遜於1904年創作的一部異域風情浪漫小說,講述了一位旅行者前往委內瑞拉東南部圭亞那叢林,並與一位名叫麗瑪的森林少女邂逅的故事。 [1]
主要人物有:阿貝爾、麗瑪、努弗洛、克拉克拉和庫阿科。
劇情梗概
序幕:一位未具名的敘述者講述了他如何結識了一位從未提及過往的「西班牙裔美國人」老紳士。在好奇心的驅使下,敘述者最終探聽了他的故事。
委內瑞拉,約1875年。年輕的富家子弟阿貝爾在一次革命中失敗,逃離加拉加斯,進入了圭亞那未知的森林。他經歷了發燒、日記寫作和淘金的失敗,最後在一個印第安村莊定居下來,虛度光陰:為老克拉克拉彈吉他,與庫阿科一起笨拙地打獵,給孩子們講故事。經過一番探索,亞伯發現了一片迷人的森林,在那裡他聽到了一種奇怪的鳥鳴聲。他的印地安朋友們因為森林裡有邪惡的守護神「迪迪之女」而避之不及。亞伯堅持不懈地尋找,最後找到了鳥女麗瑪。她有著黑髮,身穿蛛網織成的罩衫,能用一種無人知曉的語言與鳥類交流。當她保護一條珊瑚蛇時,亞伯被咬傷昏迷。
亞伯醒來時發現自己身處努弗洛的小屋。努弗洛是一位老人,他保護自己的「孫女」麗瑪,卻不願透露她的身世。亞伯恢復意識後,麗瑪帶著他穿越森林,亞伯開始好奇她的身分和來歷。亞伯回到印地安人身邊,但彼此的關係變得冷淡,因為他們如果可以的話,會毫不猶豫地殺了麗瑪。麗瑪經常提起已故的母親,她生前一直鬱鬱寡歡。阿貝爾愛上了麗瑪,但麗瑪(十七歲,對白人陌生)卻被「奇怪的感覺」所困擾。由於阿貝爾不會說麗瑪的語言,這段關係更加緊張。
在伊塔約山頂,麗瑪向阿貝爾詢問「世界」的種種,包括已知的和未知的,並問他自己是否孤身一人,獨一無二。阿貝爾悲傷地承認,的確如此。然而,當他提到傳說中的里奧拉瑪山脈時,麗瑪頓時來了精神。原來,「裡奧拉瑪」是她的真名。努弗洛一定知道裡奧拉瑪在哪裡,憤怒的麗瑪威脅努弗洛,如果他不帶她去裡奧拉瑪,她就會受到她聖潔的母親永世詛咒的威脅。年邁、內疚且虔誠的努弗洛最終屈服於壓力。阿貝爾最後一次拜訪了印第安人,卻被他們抓了起來,他們懷疑他是敵對部落的間諜,或是與惡魔勾結。阿貝爾設法逃脫,回到了麗瑪和努弗洛身邊。三人隨後跋涉前往遙遠的里奧拉馬。途中,努弗洛向眾人講述了自己的過去以及麗瑪的身世。
十七年前,努弗洛曾是強盜集團的首領,他們劫掠基督徒和印地安人。最終,他們被迫逃往山區,找到山洞棲身。山洞裡藏著一個說著類似鳥語的奇怪女人。她就是麗瑪的母親(從未被提及姓名)。努弗洛認為這個女人是來拯救他靈魂的聖人。努弗洛離開了強盜團夥,帶著終身殘疾的麗瑪母親前往基督教社區沃阿,將麗瑪交給他們。麗瑪和她的母親用這種神奇的語言交談了七年,直到母親在潮濕的環境中日漸消瘦而去世。為了贖罪,努弗洛將麗瑪帶到了較為乾燥的山區。當地的印第安人覺得她古怪,並且憎恨她驅趕獵物的行為,因此試圖殺死她。一支失手的飛鏢殺死了一名印地安人,他們逃離了麗瑪的「魔法」。
在山洞裡,麗瑪急切地想要進入裡奧拉瑪山谷。阿貝爾帶來了一個悲傷的消息:她的母親因為一無所有而離開了。她屬於一個溫和的素食民族,沒有武器,最後被印地安人、瘟疫和其他原因滅絕。麗瑪的確是孤身一人,獨一無二。麗瑪感到悲傷,但她早有預感:她的母親一直都很沮喪。現在,她決定回到森林,為自己和阿貝爾準備新的生活。她悄然離去,留下阿貝爾焦急地和努弗洛一起走回家,途中遭遇了雨水和飢餓。他們回到家時,發現森林一片寂靜,努弗洛的小屋被燒毀,印第安人正在狩獵。精疲力竭的阿貝爾再次被俘,但他沒有被殺,因為他很快發誓要向敵對部落宣戰。在戰爭的路上,他不斷透露麗瑪的下落。庫阿科解釋說,多虧了亞伯的“勇氣”,印第安人才敢闖入禁忌的森林。他們在開闊地帶抓住了麗瑪,把她追趕到一棵參天大樹上。他們在樹下堆起灌木,燒死了麗瑪。
亞伯殺了庫阿科,逃到敵對部落,發出警報。幾天後他返回,發現所有印第安朋友都已死去。他發現大樹已被燒毀,便將麗瑪的骨灰裝進一個罐子裡。亞伯垂頭喪氣,神智不清,在印第安人和基督徒的幫助下,跋涉回家,直到抵達海邊,恢復了神智和健康。如今他已是垂暮之年,唯一的願望就是能與麗瑪的骨灰合葬。回想往事,他相信上帝和世人都無法寬恕他的罪過,但溫柔的麗瑪會寬恕他,前提是他要先寬恕自己。
背景
【愛潑斯坦檔案 | 前美國財長暨哈佛校長向「好兄弟」尋「媾女秘笈」】