萄葡、苜蓿之名，譯自西域，傳於「漢書」。而臺灣之「檨」字，番語也，不見「字典」；故「舊誌」亦作番蒜，終不如「檨」字之佳。檨為珍果，樹高二、三丈；當從木，如柑、桔、桃、李之類，望文知義。若夫林投之樹、藍茇之果，亦番語也；故名從主人。苜蓿是苜蓿屬（Medicago）植物的通稱，俗稱「三葉草」（三葉草亦可稱其他車軸草族植物）。是一種多年生開花植物。其中最著名的是作為牧草的紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）。是牲畜飼料。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicago
Medicago is a genus of flowering plants, commonly known as medick or burclover, in thelegume family. It contains at least 87 species and is distributed mainly around the Mediterranean basin.[2][3] The best-known member of the genus is alfalfa (M. sativa), an important forage crop,[4] and the genus name is based on the Latin name for that plant,medica, from Greek: μηδική (πόα) median (grass).[5] Most members of the genus are low, creeping herbs, resembling clover, but with burs (hence the common name). However, alfalfa grows to a height of 1 meter, and tree medick (M. arborea) is a shrub. Members of the genus are known to produce bioactive compounds such as medicarpin (a flavonoid) and medicagenic acid (a triterpenoid saponin).[3] Chromosome numbers in Medicago range from 2n = 14 to 48.[6]
| Medicago | |
|---|---|
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| Medicago littoralis | |
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| Medicago granadensis bur |
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三葉草屬（Trifolium），又名車軸草屬。三葉草包含很多不同種類的植物，包括各種顏色的三葉草、以及其他各種植物，是一種廣泛分布在歐洲的多年生草本植物。葉子互生，呈長圓形；有特別長的根系，可適應不同的氣候和土壤條件，吸收土壤中的礦物質和其他營養，在旱季亦可生存；還可以作為牧草、綠肥作物或者觀賞植物，種植車軸草能使土地肥沃。它分布於全世界溫帶地區。
| 三葉草屬 |
|---|
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| Clover | |
|---|---|
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| Trifolium sp. (clover) |
Clover or trefoil are common names for plants of the genus Trifolium (Latin, tres "three" + folium"leaf"), consisting of about 300 species of plants in the leguminous pea family Fabaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution; the highest diversity is found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, but many species also occur in South America and Africa, including at high altitudes on mountains in the tropics. They are small annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial herbaceousplants. Clover can be evergreen. The leaves are trifoliate (rarely quatrefoiled, cinquefoil, or septfoil), with stipules adnate to the leaf-stalk, and heads or dense spikes of small red, purple, white, or yellow flowers; the small, few-seeded pods are enclosed in the calyx. Other closely related genera often called clovers include Melilotus (sweet clover) and Medicago (alfalfa or 'cavalry clover').
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