【每週精選文物 Work of the Week】
〈女神〉
所謂女神，簡單來說，就是理想的女性形象。所以除了近期大熱的文青女神之外，女神其實還有各種不同風格氣質，也不一定走外貌出衆路綫。不知你心中的她是怎樣的人？本期每週精選文物要介紹的這位女畫家、詩人才華橫溢，如果生在現代，應該也是位女神！
清代湯漱玉的《玉臺畫史》把歷代女畫家分爲宮掖、名媛、姬侍、名妓四門。由於姬侍很多是名妓出身，宮掖中人以現代標準來説其實也屬名媛，可以說，中國古代女畫家主要由名媛和名妓組成。這幅文物館藏蔬果圖卷的作者屬於第一類。
她的閨名叫吳尚熹，表字也很好聽，叫祿卿、小荷。吳尚熹生於道光年間，爸爸吳榮光是嶺南名宿，康有為曾說他是「帖學名家，其書為吾粵冠」。她有一枚「隨父從夫宦遊十萬里」小印，可見她的父親和丈夫以當時的風氣而言，算是十分開明，也可見她對父與夫的理解相當自豪。不過，從她填的一闋《滿江紅》中有「問襟期，原不讓男兒，天生錯」之句，仍可見她生為女兒身的苦悶。
這幅畫的題字交代了畫中的是「緱嶺仙餐」（神仙地的神仙食物），取法清初名家惲壽平，是畫來送給父親好友朱理谷叔叔的作品。構圖採橫列平敍方式，疏密有致，以渲染、勾勒等不同技法對各種蔬果作傳神的描寫，顔色搭配得宜，予人明朗的感覺。其筆精墨妙，相較擅畫同類題材的男性畫家毫不遜色。
藏品介紹參考：文物館季訊 (1982年第3卷第4期)、Views from Jade Terrace: Chinese Women Artists 1300-1912 p.149-150
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作品資料 Information of the Work
蔬果圖卷 (局部)
Vegetables and Fruits (partial)
吳尚熹 Wu Shangxi
清 Qing Dynasty 1644-1911
香港中文大學文物館藏
Collection of Art Museum, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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作品資料 Information of the Work
蔬果圖卷 (局部)
Vegetables and Fruits (partial)
吳尚熹 Wu Shangxi
清 Qing Dynasty 1644-1911
香港中文大學文物館藏
Collection of Art Museum, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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In this age, there are a lot of talented women who get the chance to shine in front of everyone. But in the past, that wasn’t as easy. This week, we are introducing a very gifted female poet and painter from the Qing dynasty, Wu Shangxi.
In ancient China, female painters were generally either noble women or courtesans. Wu belongs to the former group. Her father Wu Rongguang was a renowned high-ranking government official and scholar in Guangdong during the Daoguang reign of the Qing dynasty. His calligraphy was regarded as the best in the province of his time. Wu Shangxi has a seal that inscribes a line: “Travelled a hundred miles following my father and husband”. This shows that the male family members of Wu were actually quite open-minded and supportive when compared with their contemporaries and Wu herself was quite proud of that. However, Wu once wrote a poem with a line that says: "The aspiration of mine has nothing inferior to that of the men. The only fault was that I was never born a son." From this, we can observe how she felt confined by her gender.
According to the inscription on this painting, what was presented was “heavenly food in the realm of the immortals.” The painting was a gift from Wu to a friend of her father’s and was in the style of Yun Shouping. The horizontal composition is artful and the vegetables and fruits are vividly portrayed with refined use of the brush. The bright and harmonious colour is a delight to the eyes. The techniques demonstrated in the piece indeed, was "nothing inferior to that of the men".
Reference: Art Museum Bulletin vol.3 no.4, Views from Jade Terrace: Chinese Women Artists 1300-1912 p.149-150
緱
解釋：
- [名] 纏劍柄的繩索。《廣韻．平聲．侯韻》：「緱，刀劍頭纏絲為緱。」宋．蘇軾〈武昌銅劍歌〉：「蘇子得之何所為，蒯緱彈鋏詠新詩。」
- [名] 姓。如明代有緱謙。
緱嶺
| [gōu lǐng]ㄍㄡ |
即 緱ㄍㄡ氏山 。多指修道成仙之處。
唐 崔湜 《寄天臺司馬先生》詩：“何年 緱嶺 上，一謝洛陽 城。” 明 屠隆 《綵毫記·泛舟采石》：“二神姬鼓瑟湘靈 ，兩仙郎吹笙緱嶺 。” 清 吳偉業 《七夕即事》詩之四：“ 淮南 丹未熟， 緱嶺 樹先秋。”參見“ 緱氏山 ”。
宮掖
宮掖- 教育百科
https://pedia.cloud.edu.tw/Entry/Detail/?title=宮掖
注音：, ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄝˋ. 漢語拼音：, gōng yè. 解釋：. 古稱嬪妃的居處為掖庭。宮掖指宮中。唐．陳鴻《長恨傳》：「秦人風俗，是夜張錦繡，陳飲食，樹瓜華，焚香於庭，號為『
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